The **Russian Government**, formally known as the Government of the Russian Federation, is the executive branch responsible for implementing federal laws, managing state policy, and issuing federal by-laws and resolutions. It is composed of the Chairman (Prime Minister), Deputy Chairmen, and federal ministers, appointed by the President with the State Duma’s consent, though the President holds significant authority to appoint or dismiss the Government independently under certain conditions[1][3]. Historically, the Russian Government evolved through reforms, notably the administrative reform of 2003–2005, which clarified roles between federal ministries (policy development), federal services (control and supervision), and federal agencies (property management and services)[1]. In 2020, constitutional amendments further shaped the Government’s formation and activities, increasing presidential powers and centralizing control[1][2]. The Government oversees multiple sectors, notably the strategic fuel and energy sector, which is vital for Russia’s economy, involving close collaboration between state officials, security services, and major energy companies[2]. Recent years have seen a consolidation of power in the Kremlin, with reforms reducing local self-government autonomy, such as the 2025 law eliminating nationwide mayoral elections, shifting appointments to governors, aligning with broader centralization trends[2][4][8]. Economically, despite external pressures and sanctions, Russia’s Government has reported robust performance. In 2024, Russia’s economy grew 4.1%, outpacing many industrialized nations and positioning it as the fourth largest globally by purchasing power parity. The Government’s 2025 budget prioritizes defense spending at a record $132 billion, reflecting ongoing military commitments and challenges in the arms industry due to sanctions[5][6]. Notable is the Government’s role in maintaining state stability and responding to geopolitical challenges, with President Putin exercising strong influence over all branches of government, reinforced by loyal security and business elites. The Government regularly reports its performance to the State Duma, emphasizing economic resilience and strategi